The main objective of the research conducted in the urban branding for Khorramabad. The research objective was applied and the research type was analytical survey. The statistical population was made up of over of 30 experts who obtained using random sampling – stratification. In this article, the data collection method was based on quantitative and qualitative data based on pair questionnaire and Semi-structured interviews. The research conducted in three phase. First, determinate identification of Khorramabad, second branding with emphasis on five phase branding model, third, identification identity, topic and Logo for khorramabad. The results show included on identification identity, topic and Logo for khorramabad. In addition the results show that, there are opportunities identified for khorramabad in branding. Also, there are identifies key strengths that khorramabad city can use them for development. At last, aggressive, competitive, conservative and defensive strategies developed and topic and Logo for khorramabad introduced.

In recent decades, urban tourism has led to various spatial evolutions in the holy city of Mashhad. Excessive concentration of key actors of Mashhad urban tourism on the potential of religious tourism caused to the lack of optimal attention to the potential of other types of urban tourism. It is tried in this research with a descriptive approach, to study spatial effects of urban tourism attractions on Mashhad tourism services. For this purpose, the spatial data of the Mashhad urban database has been used. The results of this study indicate the significant spatial effects of Razavi Shrine on the spatial distribution of tourism services studied in this study. Compared to the Razavi Shrine, other tourist attractions have had a different effect on the spatial distribution of urban tourism services in Mashhad.

The contingent valuation method (CVM) is used to estimate economic values for all kinds of ecosystem and environmental services. It can be used to estimate both use and non use values, and it is the most widely used method for estimating non-use values. It is the most controversial of the non-market valuation methods. The contingent valuation method involves directly asking people, in a survey, how much they would be willing to pay for specific environmental services. Human beings tendency to the nature of the cities ‘edge rooted in the biological, psychological and social needs. Shorabil lake in the city of Ardabil is an ecotourism potential of the tourist attractions in the province and the region. The aim of this study was to estimate the value of the tourist attractions of Shorabil, Ardabil by using contingent valuation method to determine the average willingness to pay and the factors affecting their willingness to pay that was conducted by using dichotomous choice questionnaire. To measure the willingness to pay, the Logit regression model was used and is based on maximization, model parameters are estimated. For this purpose, the data required were collected through field studies and the completion of 232 questionnaires randomly at the aforementioned attraction in June and July of 2014. For data analysis SPSS and Shazam statistical software and Maple mathematical software were used. The results show that 68 percent of visitors are willing to pay to visit Shorabil promenade. Educational level, gender, visitor satisfaction, bid, family size and income variables are factors affecting the willingness to pay, while the age variable was not significant. The average willingness to pay among visitors and recreational value of the attraction were estimated 12,000 Rials and 72/18 billion Rials, respectively. The results show that natural promenade for people in urban areas have important and significant value in which this value provides a justification for policy makers and decision makers that for the sake of development of sustainable tourism, enhancement the well-being of tourists and also protection natural ecosystems of such attractions have a more efficient management in order to create a sustainable tourism development.

Tourism planning requires understanding the interaction between supply and demand and their mutual effect on each other; hence, tourism destination planning is one of the most important factors for development planning. In the tourism system, only demand and demand increase is not important. But in supply, destination management needs to coordinate and co-operate with the tourism elements. Meanwhile, network analysis is one of the most up-to-date and most efficient analyses that, through the use of small hotspots, boosts their power over the top centers. Due to the weakness of gravity and the dispersion of many tourism destinations, organizing in a network will help to achieve these goals; hence, network analysis and its applications for regional tourism development are essential. Until now, the actual position of Kashan town, despite the cultural and tourist potential and attractions, has not yet been determined, and the dispersion of attractions and proximity to metropolises such as Tehran and Isfahan have caused most tourists to have a one-day trip to this city. In this study, in order to increase the competitiveness of these attractions in the framework of network theory, descriptive-analytic research method was used and data were collected using field survey method. The statistical population consisted of 1, 164, 124 tourists from Kashan over the past year. According to the Cochran sampling model, the data was collected from the sample of 483 people. The data were analyzed using SPSS, GIS, UCINET, and NODEXL software, and its density, degree, contrast, transmissibility, and E-I were computed, and gravitational graphs were illustrated. Results indicate that the attraction connections are weak and low, which is why most tourists visit the main attractions of the region. As a result, the deposition of tourists’ spending in the region is low and inadequate for the region development; hence, in managing regional development and tourism, efforts should be made to reduce this gap by strengthening the link between the region’s attractions, and provide a background for optimal use of the region’s attractions by establishing a full interconnected network.

The importance of sustainability development for developing countries and their tourism is a major issue. This study presents a new approach and framework for spatial modelling of tourism products potentials (TPP) in their sustainability evaluation. The approach was developed based on the GIS multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and its performance was evaluated for spatial TPP mapping in Tabriz city, Iran. To achieve this purpose, we recognized the main Components of Tourism Development indicators (CTDI) such as attractions, accommodation, services and infrastructures facilities to improving sustainable tourism, and determined their significance using the Geographic information systems (GIS). Furthermore, the uncertainty analyze was applied to diminish the inherent error in criteria weights. A GIS-based aggregation function was applied to discern the TPP map. Finally, the emphasis in this paper investigates the practical usage of GIS for the benefit of sustainable tourism development. In particular, it inquired the possible opportunities and challenges facing the adoption of GIS to assist sustainable tourism development. The purpose of this article is to map and explore existing and potential attractions, tourism services and facilities in Tabriz and to ensure that potential opportunities are available for all tourists to enjoy enjoyable experiences in order to reveal their diverse economic, social, political and cultural benefits. Build on the positive and negative aspects of their construction and present them with appropriate solutions for tourism development that lead to sustainable tourism development and infrastructure improvement.

Introduction Leisure time has become one of the key axis of life due to the changed social, economic, and cultural circumstances, and the quality of that time spent has grown in significance. Leisure time, which encompasses the range of activities one engages in for relaxation, enjoyment, personal education, and information expansion, is regarded as one of the most significant functional areas in cities. Because these areas are crucial to citizens' mental health, the effectiveness of the functional set of these areas directly affects citizens' mental and physical well-being. MethodologyThe current study has explored and offered suitable solutions that are practical in terms of its goal, the current circumstances, and the examination of the correlations between the variables. This study employed a descriptive-analytical methodology and was carried out through field research and library investigations. Techniques like questionnaires and observation have been used to gather data and information. In general, the research methodology is based on field studies and library studies, which contain reviews of books, papers, theses, and theoretical underpinnings pertaining to the research issue (the study of space patterns in residents' leisure time was evaluated). Along with the site came the completion of questionnaires, interviews with locals, and photographs of the physical surroundings. The city of Khorramabad serves as the statistical community for this study. Its population of 381,804 was estimated to have an error of 0.05 and a sample size of 175 questionnaires was created using the modified Cochran formula, with 120 questionnaires with 35 questions distributed at random among the participants. It was completed using data collected from the statistical community via a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. The statistical results of the questionnaires were gathered following their preparation and design. In this study, five categories of questions—natural, cultural-social, historical, and urban infrastructure—as well as questions about leisure time—each consisting of seven questions—were posed in order to examine how urban tourism attractions affect citizens' free time. The query was posed. Free time questions were regarded as dependent factors, and these four groups as independent variables. The average of all the questions in each group was taken into account in order to compute a statistical relationship.  Results The analysis's findings demonstrated that, using multivariable regression, the correlation coefficient between leisure-related variables and other indicators (natural attractions, cultural-social attractions, historical attractions, and urban infrastructure) is 610/0, 0.088, 0.103, and 0.488, respectively. Thus, the connection between leisure time and natural attractions was shown to be the strongest; which has had the biggest influence on citizens' culture and behavior. Additionally, the association between leisure time and the desired indicators—0.3721, 0.0077, 0.010, and 0.2381—is the basis for Spearman's method's coefficient of determination. This indicates that the variable variations of natural attractions account for 0.3721% of the changes (diffraction) of leisure time, with other causes influencing the remaining 99.62% and the variation in gravity accounts for 0.088 of the fluctuations in leisure time. There are common cultural and societal variables, while other factors influenced the remaining 91.99%. However, Spearman's approach shows a substantial and positive relationship between leisure time and urban infrastructure, with a coefficient of 0.556 and a confidence level of 0.99. This indicates that the more satisfied a family is with the infrastructure, the better there will be more leisure time spent in the city, which has the most influence on people's behavior and culture. Discussion and Conclusion Three fundamental components make up the city's spatial organization: social spaces, natural spaces, and artificial spaces. Every one of the aforementioned components can be crucial to urban tourism in a way that gives it the quantity and quality needed to be presented to visitors as an attraction. Due to their abundance of historical and cultural features, urban areas are frequently regarded as significant tourist destinations. Cities typically have a wide range of huge attractions that draw a lot of tourists, such as museums, monuments, theaters, sports stadiums, parks, amusement parks, retail malls, areas with historic architecture, and locations associated with significant events involving well-known individuals.The analysis's findings demonstrated that, using multivariate regression, the correlation coefficient between leisure-related variables and other indicators (natural attractions, cultural-social attractions, historical attractions, and urban infrastructures) is 0/610, 0.088, 0.103, and 0.488, respectively. Thus, the connection between free time and natural attractions was shown to be the strongest. Which has had the biggest influence on citizens' culture and behavior. Additionally, the association between leisure time and the desired indicators—0.3721, 0.0077, 0.010, and 0.2381—is the basis for Spearman's method's coefficient of determination.This indicates that 0.088 percent of the variations in leisure time are caused by gravity, 99.62% are impacted by other phenomena, and 0.3721% of the changes (diffraction) of leisure time are common with the varying changes of natural attractions. There are common cultural and societal variables, while other factors influenced the remaining 91.99%. Using Spearman's technique, however, leisure time and urban infrastructure have a positive and substantial connection (coefficient of 0.556, confidence level of 0.99), meaning that the better the infrastructure, the more satisfied people are. Funding There is no funding support.Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work. Conflict of Interest The authors state that there is no conflict of interest in any part of this research. Acknowledgments The efforts of all the authors and those who guided them are appreciated.

Tourism industry because of its effect on providing job opportunities and the income level of people has an important role in the economy of a society. In order to increase the income, tourists must first be attracted and in order to have the benefits of tourism, the tourists’ prioritization in choosing their destinations should be determined. Since the majority of tourists in Iran are domestic ones because of limited foreign tourism, many domestic trips in Iran are religious visits to holy places such as Mashhad and Qom. The purpose of this investigation was to identify the priority of tourism attractions in Mashhad using entropy technique, VICOR and SPSS. This research was descriptive-analytic and the data were gathered using field research. The results showed that Imam Reza's shrine was the first priority of tourism attraction for the participants and the other tourist attractions stood later in the priority. So Mashhad has not been successful with the new attractions created for the development of tourism in this city.

Particular factors play major roles in the development of urban tourism. Cities with a plethora of tourist attractions and facilities often attract a large number of tourists. Therefore, to pave the ground for developing urban tourism facilities, first it is essential to identify attractions and resources and then to assess and prioritize them. The existence of various attractions and the geographical location of Sanandaj can play a significant role in the development of the city. In this study, using analytical hierarchy process, we have examined various tourist attractions of Sanandaj in cultural-historical, man-made and natural classifications. After forming a group, setting the targets and establishing criteria, sub-criteria and options which lead to a hierarchical structure, these criteria, sub-criteria and options have been given points, drawing on figures, data, field studies and opinions of the decision-making group which comprised tourism officials in Sanandaj. EC software has been used to analyze and prioritize the city’s tourist attractions. The findings suggest that cultural and historical attractions of Sanandaj have a higher priority than other ones for development and planning. The used model has a 0.08 consistency, indicating the accuracy of calculations and results of the prioritization.

1-Introduction: Today, geotourism phenomena and geological heritage are at risk of being destroyed by the changing lifestyles and industrialization of most countries. These changes are based on high rates of resource consumption, such as energy, materials, soil, as well as increased production of tailings and waste (Gray, 2004). In recent years, as the number of tourist’ s increases in geotourism sites, the risk of damage and destruction by visitors increases, given the fact that “ geoheritage is considered as non-renewable resources of nature (Xun and Milly, 2002). Accordingly, World Heritage Committee has related three criteria out of ten criteria of cultural and natural heritage register to geological phenomenon especially to inanimate nature which indicates the importance of such natural phenomenon (UNESCO, 2019). Therefore, given the abundance of unique geological phenomena in Iran and their application for tourism development, the importance of conservation of such a valuable phenomenon against human and natural threats presents serious challenges to geoheritage in Iran. In this regard, awareness of the vulnerability of geotourism phenomena and geological heritage is a prerequisite for the conservation of these phenomena; Providing conservational guidelines to deal with threats relies on analyzing the vulnerability of geotourism phenomena. As a result, this research was done with the aim of developing a model of the vulnerability of geotourism attractions. Therefore, this research seeks to develop a model of the vulnerability of geotourism attractions which explains the causal conditions, process, and consequences of the vulnerability of geotourism attractions. The findings of this research provide the necessary tools for policymaking and decision-making for related managers and officials to conservation management of geotourism attractions. . . .

Historical perspectives and cultural attractions play an important role in cultural tourist absorption rate. This Study will provide these perspectives role & facilities for cultural tourist absorption to Iran. As an explanatory Claim in This Study, although there are lots of beautiful natural and historical places in Iran, the facility providing and the amount of tourist absorption is not satisfiable and in comparison with other countries Iran’s tourism industry is poor. The main question of this study is how we can explain the rate of tourist absorption in Iran. Tourist absorption are the theories which are used in this study. Research method is Survey and data gathering scale is Questionnaire. Research statistical Society is included cultural Tourists who are entered in Isfahan with 300 cases as sample size. Analyses are descriptive and explanatory. Findings Indicate Iran historical perspectives are the main motivation for Cultural Tourist absorption to Iran, also regression coefficient of destination attractions Variable with Cultural Tourist absorption rate is equal to 0.37. Finally, there are not any significant differences between Males and Females Attitudes about tourism destination attractions.